This test covers Units 6–10: a reading passage, language questions, and a writing task. Reading and Language count toward your score — Writing is self-checked.
A Difficult Decision
Youssef is a talented engineer who graduated from a top Moroccan university. Push factors like low wages and limited job opportunities pushed him to consider leaving the country, whereas pull factors such as higher salaries abroad attracted him toward Europe. His professor, who had also emigrated years earlier, told him that he should think carefully before deciding. She said that she had regretted leaving so quickly. If she had known how much she would miss her family, she might have stayed longer before emigrating. Youssef now dreams of becoming part of a growing brain gain movement, using his skills to help develop technology in Morocco instead.
What kind of factors pushed Youssef to consider leaving?
What attracted Youssef toward Europe?
What did the professor tell Youssef?
What does Youssef now dream of?
“The event was ___ due to the bad weather.”
“I can’t ___ this noise any longer.”
“The UN promotes peace, ___ conflicts still happen.”
“The UN was founded ___ maintain peace.”
“I write poems.” He said that he ___ poems.
“If she ___ harder, she would have passed the exam.”
Low wages and political instability are examples of ___ factors.
When skilled people return home and contribute their skills, this is called ___.
Model answer
Brain drain is a serious problem that affects many developing countries, including Morocco. Many young graduates, who cannot find good jobs at home, choose to emigrate in search of better opportunities. However, I believe this problem can be reduced if governments invest more in research and job creation. In order to encourage skilled workers to stay, companies should offer competitive salaries and modern working conditions. Countries that support their young talent will eventually benefit from their skills instead of losing them. Therefore, turning brain drain into brain gain is possible, but it requires real commitment.
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