Learn relative pronouns and clauses — defining vs. non-defining, with the comma rule — with…
Today, we learn special words called reflexive pronouns. We use them when the same person does something to themselves!
1
The Full List
Here is a reflexive pronoun for every subject pronoun:
Reflexive Pronouns
myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesthemselves
Remember
I → myself, you → yourself, he → himself, she → herself, it → itself, we → ourselves, they → themselves
الضمائر الانعكاسية: myself، yourself، himself، herself، itself، ourselves، themselves. كل ضمير فاعل له ضمير انعكاسي خاص به.
2
When Do We Use Them?
We use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same person:
Example
I hurt myself while playing football.
She taught herself to swim.
I hurt myself while playing football.
She taught herself to swim.
نستخدم الضمائر الانعكاسية عندما يكون الفاعل والمفعول به هما نفس الشخص، مثل: “I hurt myself” (آذيت نفسي).
3
'By Myself' Means 'Alone'
There is a special expression: “by myself” (or by yourself, by himself…) means “alone,” without help.
Example
I go running by myself every morning.
He did his homework by himself.
I go running by myself every morning.
He did his homework by himself.
💡 Easy Tip
“By myself” is a very common expression. It’s a great way to say you did something alone!
“By myself” is a very common expression. It’s a great way to say you did something alone!
“by myself” (وما شابهها) تعني “بمفردي”، بدون مساعدة أحد. مثال: “I go running by myself” (أذهب للجري بمفردي).
Myself, Yourself, Himself — Summary Card
Save this card on your phone to remember today's lesson!
⬇ Download the Summary CardTest Yourself!
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“I hurt ___ while playing football.”
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“She taught ___ to swim.”
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“They organized the match ___.” (alone, with emphasis)
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“He did his homework by ___.”
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